What encompasses information privacy?

Information privacy is a broad concept that encompasses the protection of personal data from unauthorized access and misuse. It involves safeguarding an individual's personal information, ensuring that it is collected, stored, and processed in compliance with privacy laws and regulations. This protection is crucial in the digital age, where data breaches and identity theft can have severe consequences for individuals.

The focus on personal data protection means that it includes various types of information, not just limited to financial or healthcare data. While those categories are important, they are part of a larger framework that aims to defend individuals' privacy rights across all types of personal data. Additionally, protection from unauthorized access entails implementing appropriate security measures to prevent data breaches, which is a core principle of information privacy.

The other options presented suggest limited scopes of privacy. Exclusively targeting financial data or only healthcare data underplays the comprehensive nature of information privacy laws that address various data types. Freedom from public surveillance, while relevant to privacy concerns, does not encompass the full breadth of information privacy, which is primarily about protecting personal data regardless of the context in which it is used.